The EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) is adapting to increasing hybrid threats, particularly from Russia and China, aiming to enhance military and civilian resilience. Key measures include countering cyberattacks, disinformation, and sabotage of critical infrastructure while accelerating defence capabilities. The report advocates for joint procurement initiatives like the Security Measures for Europe (SAFE) facility, backed by €150 billion, to strengthen industrial capacity. Cooperation with NATO is prioritised, alongside sustained support for Ukraine as a cornerstone of European security. The EU seeks greater strategic autonomy to reduce dependencies and improve collective defence readiness by 2030.